Socio-economic conditions for satisfying human needs at low energy use - An international analysis of social provisioning

Research by Vogel et al dug deeper into the question of redesign. Their findings are that satisfaction of fundamental human needs does not only depend on energy use, but also on a broad range of provisioning factors that act as intermediaries between social foundation satisfaction and energy use. Examples of provisioning factors include the political economy, the quality of physical infrastructure, the local geography as well as levels of state provisioning. The latter point is very interesting as it implies different kinds of state provisioning such as commoning or energy democracy movements can help redesign growth oriented systems while ensuring sufficiency.